AD FS 2.0 and Safari (iOS 9 and iOS 10) sign in issue (authentication cookies size issue)

Recently have been working on the issue when the users on iOS 9 and 10 were not able to complete the authentication from outside of corporate network (via AD FS Proxy). The users were getting the error – “There was a problem accessing the site. Try to browse to the site again. Reference number: XXX”. …